The Archaeology Of Cley Hill, Corsley

Some notes compiled by Danny Howell in 1990:

The remains of the original Iron Age hill fort defences are now very slight indeed. Only at the north-east and north-west corners is there any significant depression to mark the profile of an external ditch. On the west and north sides of the hill this feature consists of flat or even outward-sloping contoured terraces. On the particularly steep north-east side overlooking Little Cley Hill these traces are even more slight, the natural steepness of the slopes precluding any defensive construction other than, perhaps, a perimeter palisade. On the gentler south-east slope a wide, horizontal berm and a scarp nearly six feet high, with a slight tapering gap towards the north end, are probably parts of the original defences, the gap being possibly the original entrance. This lynchet was certainly re-used as a field boundary in the 19th century and might have been gradually modified by ploughing from an earlier date.

There are no traces of a defensive bank anywhere in the circuit of this hill fort but slight terraces above steep scarps might have carried palisades. These would have given the maximum advantage of view downhill from the shoulder of the slope. On such steep slopes as these with a well-marked shoulder, a bank was probably unnecessary.

A flight of strip lynchets, further down the south-east slope of the hill, quite probably incorporates an outer line of Iron Age defence, necessitated by the relatively gentle slope of the hill at this point. At its western end the main terrace is cut by a quarry. However, at this, the highest point, it reaches approximately the same height as the terrace forming the lowest part of the defences on the west side. It seems probable that this line once continued around and, that later, probably medieval ploughing modified the profiles of these earthworks.

It is also possible that the ramp linking this series of strip lynchets has fossilised an original entrance-way through the hill fort defences.

Another possible entrance to the hill fort exists in the north west corner, where there is a causeway across the surviving ditch and slight traces of a counterscarp bank. The slope at this corner of the hill would have presented a gentler incline to approach the entrance. Unfortunately any traces of an approach route have been obliterated by further quarrying on the lower slopes.

Within the hill fort there are many slight scoops, perhaps derived from shallow quarrying for the deposit of clay-with-flints which caps the hill, or possibly the remains of the hut sites of the Iron Age occupants.

Two Bronze Age bowl barrows are situated on the highest point of the hill. The largest is approximately 100 feet in diameter and 13 feet high. The smaller is 66 feet in diameter and 3 feet high. Both were excavated by Sir Richard Colt Hoare and William Cunnington in the early 19th century. They were unable to find any trace of a burial in the larger mound, although some carbonised cereal and fragments of pottery were found near the bottom. Charcoal and ashes were observed in the make-up of the barrow. The second, smaller, barrow had been disturbed prior to their excavation but had contained a cremation burial.

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *